When citing a direct quote you need to include the page number (or the word ‘online’, if you’ve used an online source), in the citation.
For more complex direct quotes, examples are provided under the specific sources within the MMU Harvard section of this guide:
When using a direct quote, you will need to include a page number in the citation which is written after the year in the following format:
Example
When critically evaluating other’s work it’s important to use ‘tact and a constructive approach…’ (Cottrell, 2005:97).
As many online sources have no page numbers, when quoting directly you need to state that the information has been found online in the following way:
Example
According to the Business Enterprise and Regulatory Reform (no date:online) pay-as-you go ensured that ‘…mobile phones are one of the most inclusive technologies’.
Quotes of up to and including 20 words, or up to two sentences (whichever is the greater) can be embedded into the text. You MUST put quotation marks around the text that you are inserting into your assignment. Remember, the sentence needs to make grammatical sense.
Example:
For an individual to manage their workload effectively, a plan can be devised to tackle daily, weekly and monthly commitments. Within this framework, individuals can identify issues that ‘…arise in the course of your study and prioritise them with the most serious on top’ (Whitehead and Mason, 2003:27). By setting time aside and identifying possible events that may occur…
The quote used in the above example is not the beginning of the original sentence. Thus, the ellipses ‘…’ have been used to illustrate that the quote is only part of the original sentence.
Longer quotes should be indented and placed in a separate paragraph.
You DO NOT need to place quotation marks around the quote if it is classified as a long quote.
Example:
Moyser (2006:85) defines elite interviewing as:
The use of interviews to study those at the ‘top’ of any stratification system, be it in sport, academia, social status, religion, beauty or whatever. In practice, however, elite research focuses mainly on political and economic notables. The study of elites touches on some of the major and perennial issues of social analysis. The views and activities of generals, businessmen, politicians and church leaders have been of concern to social thinkers since the earliest days of Western thought.
As this definition points put...